Complex query

The Storage API lets you build complex queries against data stored in the Custom entity store. You can build these complex queries using a wide variety of filters and conditions.

To start, import the Forge API package in your app, as follows:

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import { storage } from '@forge/api';

Each installation of your app is subject to the Storage API's quotas and limits. See Storage quotas and Storage limits for more details.

Related information

Before you can store data in the Custom entity store, you'll need to declare your custom entities and indexes first in your app's manifest file. Custom entities are user-defined data structures for storing app data. Forge's storage API lets you query data stored in these structures using a wide array of query conditions. These query conditions make it possible to build advanced, complex queries to suit your app's operations.

For information about storing data to the Custom entity store, see Custom entity store .

For a detailed tutorial on storing and querying structured data through custom entities, see Use custom entities to store structured data.

Basic methods

All complex queries operate on a custom entity's index. Complex queries follow the same basic signature:

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await storage
  .entity("<custom-entity>")
  .query()
  .index()

This structure contains all the required methods for a complex query. The entity method sets which custom entity to query, and index sets which of those entity's indexes to query. Each query can only target one index from one custom entity.

When using indexes that feature a partition, you must specify a value to match the parameter's attribute:

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await storage
  .entity("<custom-entity>")
  .query()
  .index("<index-name>", {
    partition: ["<value>"]
  })

If your index's partition has multiple attributes, then you must set a value for each attribute. In addition, you must also set each value in the order they are declared in the index. For example, consider the following index:

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indexes:
  - name: by-gender-and-age
    range: 
      - employmentyear
    partition: 
      - gender
      - age

An appropriate query for this would be:

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await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("by-gender-and-age", {
    partition: ["male",20]
  })
  .where(WhereConditions.isGreaterThan(2003))

This query will fetch employees who are:

• male
• 20 years old
• employed after 2003 (that is, employmentyear is higher than 2003).

where

While index lets you filter matches to an index's partition, where lets you filter against an index's range. To use the where filter:

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import { WhereConditions } from '@forge/api';

Method signature

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.where(WhereConditions.<condition>("<value>"))

Conditions

The where filtering method supports the following conditions:

• beginsWith
• between
• equalsTo
• isGreaterThan, isLessThan
• isGreaterThanOrEqualTo, isLessThanOrEqualTo

andFilter / orFilter

You can only use the index and where methods once per query. The andFilter and orFilter allow you add more conditions to a query.

Method signature

To use either filtering method:

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import { FilterConditions } from '@forge/api';

Each filtering method use the following signatures:

• andFilter: all conditions must be matched.

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  .andFilter("<attribute>",FilterConditions.<condition>("<value>"))
  

• orFilter: only one condition must be matched.

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  .orFilter("<attribute>",FilterConditions.<condition>("<value>"))
  

Conditions

Both filtering methods support the following conditions:

• beginsWith
• between
• equalsTo
• isGreaterThan, isLessThan
• isGreaterThanOrEqualTo, isLessThanOrEqualTo
• exists, doesNotExist
• contains, doesNotContain
• notEqualsTo

sort

The sort method displays your results in either ascending (ASC) or descending (DESC) order:

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.sort(SortOrder.<"ASC|DESC">)

By default, results are displayed in ascending order.

query.limit

Returns a new Query with a limit on how many matching values get returned. The query API returns up to 10 values by default, this can be increased to a maximum of 20.

Method signature

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query.set(limit: number): Query

query.cursor

Returns a new Query that will start after the provided cursor. Cursors enable your app to fetch subsequent pages of results after completing an initial query.

Cursors are returned from the getMany query API.

Method signature

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query.cursor(after: string): Query;

query.getMany

Execute the query and return a list of results up to the provided limit in length. This method returns both the array of results and a cursor that's used to fetch subsequent pages of results.

Method signature

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query.getMany(): Promise<ListResult>;

interface ListResult {
  results: Result[];
  nextCursor?: string;
}

export interface Result {
  key: string;
  value: object;
}

query.getOne

Execute the query and get the first matching result, if any matches exist. If there is no match, the result resolves to undefined.

Method signature

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query.getOne(): Promise<Result | undefined>;

export interface Result {
  key: string;
  value: object;
}

Example entity

The following manifest.yml excerpt shows a custom entity named employee with several attributes and indexes:

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app:
  id: "ari:cloud:ecosystem::app/406d303d-0393-4ec4-ad7c-1435be94583a"

  storage:
    entities:
      - name: employee
        attributes:
          surname: 
            type: string
          age: 
            type: integer
          employmentyear: 
            type: integer
          gender: 
            type: string
          nationality: 
            type: string
        indexes:
          - surname
          - employmentyear
          - name: by-age
            range: 
              - age
          - name: by-age-per-gender
            partition: 
              - gender
            range: 
              - age  

This entity also creates four indexes based on the following employee attributes:

• surname
• employmentyear
• age (further optimized for filtering according to different age ranges)
• age per gender (further optimized for filtering according to age ranges for each gender)

Example queries

Using the previous section's example entity and its indexes, the following queries demonstrate the use of each method:

await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("surname")
  .getMany()

await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("by-age")
  .where(WhereConditions.isGreaterThan(30))
  .sort(SortOrder.DESC)
  .getMany()

await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("by-age-per-gender", {
    partition: ["female"]
  })
  .getMany()

await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("by-age-per-gender", {
    partition: ["female"]
  })
  .where(WhereConditions.isGreaterThan(30))
  .getMany()

await storage
  .entity("employee")
  .query()
  .index("by-age-per-gender", {
    partition: ["female"]
  })
  .where(WhereConditions.isGreaterThan(30))
  .andFilter("employmentyear",
    FilterConditions.isGreaterThan(2020))
  .andFilter("nationality",
    FilterConditions.equalsTo("Australian"))
  .getMany()